The MLC differs from traditional ILO Conventions and comprises: Articles establishing broad principles and obligations; more detailed Regulations and Code (Parts A and B) provisions. Regulations and Standards (Part A) and Guidelines (Part B) are within five Titles, which cover areas within 37 maritime labour Conventions and associated Recommendations, updating them where necessary. A few new topics are included to meet contemporary occupational safety and health concerns, such as effects of noise and vibration or other workplace risks, but it mostly maintains existing standards, whilst leaving countries greater discretion to formulate national laws to establish the level of protection.
Flag State inspection provisions, including use of recognized organizations expand upon the ILO maritime labour inspection Convention (No. 178). Potential for inspections in foreign ports (port State control) relies on existing maritime Conventions, particularly Convention No. 147 – the Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, IMO Conventions and regional port State control agreements. These give a clear approach for important issues, mirroring other international maritime Conventions establishing standards for ship safety, security and protecting the marine environment. A new aspect is certification of seafarers on board living and working conditions.